When it comes to diets, cookies and cake are off the menu. Now, researchers from Tel Aviv University have found that dessert, as part of a balanced 600-calorie breakfast that also includes proteins and carbohydrates, can help dieters to lose more weight -- and keep it off in the long run.
The researchers sat the key is to indulge in the morning, when the body's metabolism is at its most active and we are better able to work off the extra calories throughout the day. Attempting to avoid sweets entirely can create a psychological addiction to these same foods in the long-term. Adding dessert items to breakfast can control cravings throughout the rest of the day.
Over the course of a 32 week-long study participants who added dessert to their breakfast -- cookies, cake, or chocolate -- lost an average of 40 pounds more than a group that avoided such foods. What's more, they kept off the pounds longer.
A meal in the morning provides energy for the day's tasks, aids in brain functioning, and kick-starts the body's metabolism, making it crucial for weight loss and maintenance. And breakfast is the meal that most successfully regulates ghrelin, the hormone that increases hunger. While the level of ghrelin rises before every meal, it is suppressed most effectively at breakfast time.
The researchers hoped to determine whether meal time and composition impacted weight loss in the short and long term, or if it was a simple matter of calorie count.
One hundred and ninety three obese, non-diabetic adults were randomly assigned to one of two diet groups with identical caloric intake -- the men consumed 1600 calories per day and the women 1400. The first group was given a low carbohydrate diet including a small 300 calorie breakfast, and the second was given a 600 calorie breakfast high in protein and carbohydrates, always including a dessert item.
Halfway through the study, participants in both groups had lost an average of 33 pounds. But in the second half of the study, the participants in the low-carbohydrate group regained an average of 22 pounds per person, while participants in the group with a larger breakfast lost another 15 pounds each. At the end of the 32 weeks, those who had consumed a 600 calorie breakfast had lost an average of 40 pounds more per person than their peers.
Ingesting a higher proportion of daily calories at breakfast is thought to alleviate cravings. Highly restrictive diets that forbid desserts and carbohydrates are initially effective, but often cause dieters to stray from their food plans as a result of withdrawal-like symptoms. They wind up regaining much of the weight they lost during the diet proper.
Though they consumed the same daily amount of calories, the participants in the low carbohydrate diet group had less satisfaction, and felt that they were not full. The researchers noted that their cravings for sugars and carbohydrates were more intense and eventually caused them to cheat on the diet plan. The group that consumed a bigger breakfast, including dessert, experienced few if any cravings for these foods later in the day.
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